Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekeleni iloli ukugcinwa kwenjini.Njengoba ibaluleke njengenhliziyo yomuntu, injini yedizili iyinhliziyo yeloli, umthombo wamandla.Indlela yokulondoloza inhliziyo yeloli?Ukugcinwa kahle kunganweba impilo yesevisi yenjini futhi kunciphise izinga lokuhluleka.Izinto zokunakekela eziyinhloko zenziwa ezizungeze "izihlungi ezintathu".Ukugcinwa kwezihlungi zomoya, izihlungi zikawoyela, nezihlungi zikaphethiloli kuzivumela ukuthi zidlale ngokugcwele ezindimeni zazo ezisetshenziswayo futhi kusize injini ukuthi iqedele ngempumelelo umsebenzi wokuphuma kwamandla.

1. Ukugcinwa kwesihlungi somoya

Isistimu yokungenisa umoya yenjini ikakhulukazi yakhiwe isihlungi somoya kanye nepayipi lokungenisa umoya.Isihlungi somoya sihluza umoya olethiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umoya ohlanzekile ulethwa enjinini.Ngokwezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, isihlungi somoya sokugeza amafutha singakhethwa, futhi isici sokuhlunga singahlanzwa noma sishintshwe njalo.Isihlungi somoya senkomishi yephepha esetshenziswayo kufanele sithululwe uthuli njalo emahoreni angama-50-100 (imvamisa ngesonto) futhi sihlanzwe ngebhulashi elithambile noma ifeni.

Sebenzisa isihlungi somoya sokugeza ngamafutha.Hlanza isici sokuhlunga bese ubuyisela amafutha okugcoba ngodizili ohlanzekile njalo ngamahora angu-100-200 (amasonto amabili).Uma usebenzisa, naka ukwengeza amafutha okugcoba ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, shintsha ingxenye yesihlungi ufake entsha njalo lapho isici sokuhlunga sihlanzwa kathathu.Yishintshe ngokushesha uma yonakele noma ingcoliswe kakhulu.
Okwesibili, ukugcinwa kwesihlungi samafutha
Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa injini ye-diesel, izingxenye zensimbi ezenza umsebenzi zizoguga.Uma isihlungi samafutha singagcinwa ngesikhathi, amafutha aqukethe ukungcola ngeke ahlungwe ngokuphumelelayo, okuzokwenza ukuthi isici sokuhlunga siqhume noma sivule i-valve yokuphepha, kusukela ku-valve ye-bypass.Ukudlula kuzophinde kubuyise ukungcola engxenyeni yokugcoba, kusheshise ukuguga kwenjini, kubhebhethekise ukungcola kwangaphakathi, futhi kuphazamise impilo yesevisi yenjini kadizili.Ngakho-ke, isihlungi samafutha kufanele sishintshwe njalo lapho amafutha egcinwa.Imodeli yesici sokuhlunga semodeli ngayinye ihlukile, into yokuhlunga efanayo kufanele isetshenziswe, ngaphandle kwalokho isihlungi sizobe singavumelekile.

3. Ukugcinwa kwesihlungi sikaphethiloli
Uma ushayela amabanga amade, kuneziteshi eziningi zokuthela uphethiloli ezinkulu nezincane eceleni komgwaqo, kanti udizili osezingeni eliphansi uzokwengezwa ekulungisweni okungalingani.Abashayeli bavame ukubiza “uphethiloli omncane”.Ingozi “yamafutha amancane” enjinini iyabonakala.Okokuqala, sicela uqinisekise ukuthi ukhetha igalaji likaphethiloli elithembekile ozoligcwalisa ngophethiloli ofanelekayo.Isihlungi sikadizili siyisithiyo sokugcina sokuvikela uhlelo lukaphethiloli.Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe besistimu kaphethiloli bendabuko, isistimu yesitimela evamile iphakeme futhi inembe kakhudlwana, futhi idinga izihlungi ezikhethekile zesistimu yesitimela ezivamile.Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa kwesihlungi sikaphethiloli kubaluleke kakhulu.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: isihlungi sikaphethiloli esimahhadla nesihlungi esihle.

Njalo emahoreni ayi-100-200 okusebenza (amasonto amabili, okungenani amakhilomitha angama-20,000 ngokuya ngenani lamakhilomitha), izihlungi ezahlukahlukene zikaphethiloli ohlelweni lokunikezela uphethiloli kufanele zihlolwe futhi zishintshwe, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, hlola ukuthi ngabe isihlukanisi samanzi samafutha. isebenza kahle, futhi Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithangi likaphethiloli nawo wonke amapayipi kaphethiloli angcolile, hlanza ithangi likaphethiloli nawo wonke amapayipi kaphethiloli kahle uma kunesidingo.Zonke izingxenye zalo lonke uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli kufanele lwenziwe ngesikhathi sokushintsha kukawoyela wenguquko yesizini.Udizili osetshenzisiwe kufanele uhlangabezane nezidingo zesizini futhi udlule amahora angama-48 emvula nokwelashwa kokuhlanza.
4. Ezinye izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa.
1. Ukukhethwa kukadizili
Bona indawo yokuqandisa umqondo (indawo yokuqandisa), izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lapho isampula likawoyela lipholiswa libe sezingeni eliwuketshezi ngaphandle kokugeleza ngaphansi kwezimo ezishiwo, ezaziwa nangokuthi indawo yokuqandisa.Uma indawo yokuqandisa iphezulu kakhulu, kulula ukubangela ukuvinjelwa kwesifunda samafutha ekushiseni okuphansi.Ezweni lethu, ukumaka udizili kusekelwe endaweni yokuqandisa.Iphuzu lokuqandisa liyisisekelo esiyinhloko sokukhetha udizili.Ngakho-ke, idizili efanelekile kufanele ikhethwe ezifundeni ezihlukene nezinkathi ezahlukene zonyaka.
Izigaba eziyinhloko:
Kunamabanga ayisikhombisa amafutha edizili alula: 10, 5, 0, -10, -20, -30, -50
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zikawoyela we-diesel osindayo: 10, 20, no-30. Khetha ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa uma ukhetha

Uma izinga likadizili lingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elidingekayo, isistimu kaphethiloli enjinini ingase ifakwe i-wax, ivimbe umjikelezo kawoyela, futhi iphazamise ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini.

2. Akufanelekile ukugijima ungenzi lutho isikhathi eside
Ukungenzi lutho isikhathi eside kuzonciphisa ikhwalithi ye-atomization yomjovo kaphethiloli futhi kusheshise ukuguga kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kodonga lwesilinda.Ngoba ikhwalithi ye-atomization ihlobene ngokuqondile nengcindezi yomjovo, ububanzi bomjovo kanye nesivinini se-camshaft.Ngenxa yobubanzi obungaguquki bomjovo, ikhwalithi ye-atomization kaphethiloli incike ekucindezelweni komjovo kaphethiloli kanye nesivinini se-camshaft.Uma ijubane le-camshaft lihamba kancane, ingcindezi yomjovo kaphethiloli ikhuphuka isikhathi eside, futhi izinga le-atomization kaphethiloli libi kakhulu.Ijubane le-camshaft liyashintsha ngesivinini senjini kadizili.Ijubane elide lokungenzi lutho lingabangela izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwenjini kadizili ukuthi libe phansi kakhulu futhi lingashisi ngokuphelele, okungabangela amadiphozithi ekhabhoni ukuthi avimbe imibhobho yomjovo, izindandatho zepiston noma amavalvu ejamu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma izinga lokushisa lokupholisa injini ye-diesel liphansi kakhulu, amanye amafutha e-diesel angashisiwe azogeza ifilimu kawoyela odongeni lwesilinda futhi ahlambulule uwoyela, ukuze zonke izingxenye ezihambayo zenjini kadizili zingakwazi ukugcotshwa kahle, okuholela ekubeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. ukuguga kwezingxenye.Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokungenzi lutho silawulwa cishe imizuzu eyi-10.
Lokhu okungenhla kuyimisebenzi esemqoka kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha zokunakekelwa kwenjini kadizili.Kuphela uma injini isebenza kahle lapho imoto ingakusiza kangcono.